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personal project

THE CAD PAINTING PROJECT



PROJECT OVERVIEW


The purpose of this project was to thoroughly explore a personal interest via the medium of CAD. My response to this was the recreation of a famous painting in Fusion360. This combined my passion for art history and design specialism. It was also to experiment whether organic brush strokes could be mimicked in a digital format. This provided the opportunity to take on a real challenge, and test the CAD techniques, methods, and knowledge I have gained during my time at university.

All information and visuals that are not of my own design for this semester, are presented in the reference list below.








PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT



To maintain a steady workload throughout the project, I devised a time management calendar to organise and track various tasks. The time scale was hard to predict, considering the experimental nature of the project. Therefore, I aimed to complete it within four to six weeks. See below for the project stages and time management visual.




WEEK ONE - Initial Ideas & Inspiration Research


• Sketched mind map & initial sketches.

• Initial research & mood board.

• Initial research verdict.

• Developed sketches.




WEEK TWO - Ideation & Development


• Research famous art paintings/set art movements.

• Research existing recreations (images/animations/interactive scenes etc.) of paintings in digital mediums (CAD/3D).

• Ideation and development research verdict.

• Developed sketches, chosen art movement and painting.




WEEK THREE - Finalised Idea & CAD Planning Process


• Finalised sketches - Final idea visualisation, details, components, specifications (e.g., software, order of creation etc.)

• Model Planning - Next steps plan, modelling method, timeline of tasks, objectives, and contingency plans.




WEEK FOUR - Cad Art Modelling


• CAD modelling.

• Film each stage.

• Document challenges/milestones.




WEEK FIVE - Cad Art Modelling & Completion


• Review progress, any improvements, changes to idea etc.

• Final steps & next stage - visualisation.

• Complete model

• Visualisation - Stand-alone model and high-quality renders, mock up ‘gallery space’ in ARCHICAD to present painting.




calendar



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








INITIAL IDEAS & SKETCHES



The sketches below show the initial ideas for this personal project. At this point I had five main ideas, based on past projects and personal interests I could adapt into a viable assignment concept.




mindmap



These ideas ranged from the design of a different object every day in CAD, to the improvement on a previous university project.




initial sketch




INITIAL RESEARCH & INSPIRATION



To spark new inspiration, I conducted a series of preliminary research. This aimed to refine my thought processes and gather existing examples of similar projects. If an idea was related to my university project work, I applied the same research strategy on my portfolio website.




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IMPROVE PREVIOUS PROJECT


The first idea involved revisiting and improving work from previous university projects. Now with a wider range of skills in various CAD software, the three projects I considered were the ‘Poster Project’ and ‘Mobile Device Project’ from year one, and the ‘Enterprise Focus Project’ from last semester.

The two first-year projects could be completely re-designed into a more high-quality outcome. Regarding the third-year project, based on a business idea, I could have used CAD to create a series of subscription box packaging models, alongside a concept app design made in Adobe XD.




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JEWELLERY DESIGN


The second idea was inspired by my love of jewellery. There are several designs, shapes, and symbols that don’t exist in the current market, and therefore, I would want to create myself. This project would involve the design and mock-up of concept pieces inspired by my personal taste, including an entire matching set of a necklace, ring, earrings, and bracelet, that follow a cohesive theme and finish. The images below show commercial examples of bespoke jewellery design.




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AN OBJECT/MODEL A DAY


This idea was inspired by a common drawing challenge on social media called ‘Inktober’, where a drawing is created everyday (in October) inspired by a given word prompt. In the case of my project, this concept would be applied to the daily creation of CAD models. This would illustrate my knowledge of software and its various tools by modelling on a regular basis. Below are some examples of similar online competitions and challenges that involve CAD-related practices.




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DESIGN A LINE OF PACKAGING


This idea was inspired by the work produced as part of my client project with Rarebreed Packaging. I enjoyed using AutoCAD to create packaging net concepts, catered to a set design brief. The project would consist of the design and CAD mock-up of fictional supermarket packaging.

This links to the area of the packaging industry that I aspire to explore after university. Below are examples of concept food packaging by creators on Behance. These illustrate how the packaging can be presented as a commercial advertisement.




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RECREATE ART IN CAD


The final idea was the recreation of a famous art piece in CAD. This would involve modelling an organic painting or sculpture, in a medium typically used for precise and technical drawings. Despite the potential challenge, the multidisciplinary nature of the idea would make the perfect experiment to test my CAD skills.

It would produce a completely new piece of ‘digital art’ that would tie my creative and technical personalities together. Below are a few of the best examples of art paintings and sculptures in a variety of formats.




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INITIAL RESEARCH VERDICT



The initial research inspired me to choose the 'CAD Art' idea. This was the most suitable for the time frame and CAD related parameters of the project. The most popular form of art to reproduce was paintings in the Cubist style, by artists like Pablo Picasso. Therefore, I wanted to see how my interpretation of an artists work would make the outcome more unique.





CHOSEN IDEA



idea sketch



The next series of sketches visualise this idea. At this stage, I was uncertain of the specific piece of art I wanted to recreate. However, I still enjoyed expressing my current ideas on certain components, such as the model's colour scheme. This level of consideration mimicked the process and techniques a physical painter would follow.




idea sketch



The sketch above illustrates the basic process I aimed to undertake in the creation of the CAD painting.




idea sketch



The visual above shows an aspect of this process in more detail. The model will be made up of layers to mimic the traditional painting technique. The sketch below conveys how I had planned to also follow another traditional painting method in relation to colour theory. It will be interesting to see how the use of cool to warm colours creates the illusion of depth in a digital setting.




idea sketch




DEVELOPMENT & IDEATION



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Now the main goal of the project was established, the next step was to develop the painting subject. The first areas of research covered famous art movements and paintings. This helped to narrow down the style and assess the difficulty of the potential movement.





THE MODEL SUBJECT –

Famous Art Movements & Paintings

Exploration of the different art movements in history allowed me to understand how the brush strokes, composition and general painting structure has evolved overtime. The subject of portraits bred some of the most impressive paintings in history, such as the ‘Mona Lisa’.




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However, to attempt a photo-realistic human model in CAD is slightly unrealistic. Whilst landscape, aerial, and architectural painting subjects, such as ‘The Great Wave of Kanagawa’, would be more suited to the practical modelling capabilities of Fusion360 and AutoCAD. Therefore, I focused on paintings in history that did not include human figures, or references.




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TOP 4 ART MOVEMENTS


This avoidance of human figures meant the majority of movements before 1870 (e.g., Pre-Raphaelite or Renaissance) were left out. However, this helped to narrow the choice down to the five movements of - Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Cubism, and Futurism. These art styles were some of the most influential and memorable across art history.




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Impressionism -

(1870 - 1900)


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Impressionism produced some of the most poignant works known to man. A typical impressionist painting depicts land, city, and seascapes, in fleeting colour and with spontaneously thick brush strokes that are viewed best from afar. Below are three of my favourite paintings from the Impressionist movement, all by Claude Monet, because his style had great potential for digital recreation.




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Post-Impressionism -

(1870 - 1900)


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Post-Impressionism was born from Impressionism. It developed when a series of artists, including Paul Cezanne and Van Gogh, wanted to explore themes other than light and aerial effects. These themes involved painting theory, emotion and experimenting with blocks of colour. Below are three pieces from this movement, out of which, my favourite was the pointillist style of Georges Seurat (first image).




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Cubism -

(1908 - 1920)


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The typical characteristics of Cubism include the depiction of one subject at different perspectives in one composition, often fragmented to neglect linear perspective. Below are the three preferred paintings. This geometric style would be ‘easier’ to reproduce in CAD, but would this pose enough of a challenge?




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Futurism -

(1909 - 1918)


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Futurism was an Italian 21st century art movement that aimed to capture modern urbanism and technology. The style typically animated scenes of industrial machinery, ships, and general subjects in motion. Below are the paintings I liked the most from this movement. This style was similar but more complex than Cubist art, and would perhaps make Futurism more suitable for the project.




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Now that I had considered the potential subject of my CAD painting, the next step was to devise how the final outcome would be presented. Plus, any post-processing required to bring it to the highest standard.




THE MODEL PRESENTATION –

CAD Visualisation

CAD visualisation is used to ‘show off’ a finished model at the end of a design process. Depending on the chosen software, a model can be outputted at various sizes, formats, and image qualities.



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The standard image size for professional product and object renders is around 297 x 210mm (A4), in either JPEG or PNG formats. These are recommended for portfolio and design project submissions. However, PNG is considered the best as it ensures a more crisp and detailed render. Below are a few examples of interesting 2D and 3D digital visualisations.




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THE MODEL PRESENTATION –

Technical Presentation

It is equally important to demonstrate technical drawing knowledge by the presentation of model specification. 2D and 3D CAD drawings on title block sheets are considered the standard across all disciplines, from architecture to product design. The basic components expected in technical CAD drawings include a project title, description, drawing scale, dimensions, page numbers (if applicable), a date of publication and any other useful information.




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These sheets can be published in a digital or printed format (PDF), ranging from A1 to A4. A model can also be presented in different perspective views. The best way to illustrate the scale and key details is to show a front, side, and back view. A few examples of well presented, annotated, and designed CAD drawing sheets are shown above.

The completion of this final research was incredibly valuable for the creative and analytical direction of the project. It helped me refine the potential CAD subject down to three contenders (see paintings below).




paintings




DEVELOPMENT & REFINEMENT



The next stage of the project involved further development and refinement. This was in the form of prototyping and developing sketches to help analyse each painting, such as a digital prototype, and work out the best tools in Fusion360 to achieve the desired effect.





PHYSICAL PROTOTYPING –

Sketches & Paper Experiments

The physical prototyping consisted of annotating paper photocopies of each painting. This analysed and highlighted the different layers and shapes within the composition, as well as potential ‘trouble areas’. I also attempted to dissect whether the artist had followed any linear perspective rules.

This geometric drawing method would benefit the initial CAD process; each section (back, middle, and foreground) of the composition can be visualised in a quicker fashion. These tests also identified the colour pallet and types of brush strokes within each painting.




sketch



The first painting to prototype was 'Seascape at Port-en-Bessin' by Georges Seurat.




sketch




sketch



The second painting in the line up was 'Skyscrapers and Tunnels' by Fortunato Depero.




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sketch



The final painting to analyse was 'The Open Window' by Juan Gris.




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CONSIDERATION OF LINEAR PERSPECTIVE



The use of aerial perspective in paintings has changed throughout history. Starting as a traditional rule for draughtsmen throughout the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries, to being completely neglected and manipulated by the cubists and modern artists of the 21st century. This consideration of perspective was also relevant to my project, especially in setting up the various layers and overall structure of the painting in the model space.


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A fine example of one point perspective is seen in the work of the legendary Leonardo da Vinci. He not only utilised this technique to maintain spatial realism, but to also highlight the importance of subjects in his works. This is seen in the central placement (the vanishing point) of Jesus Christ in 'The Last Supper'.

Another example of one point perspective, from the Impressionist movement, is the technique of Alfred Sisley. Sisley was famed for his well-considered compositions and use of colour, and excellent depiction of one point perspective in landscape paintings.





CONSIDERATION OF SUSTAINABILITY GOAL 10



This research also explored and acknowledged the sustainability goal linked to this project module. Goal 10 represents and aims to reduce inequality within and among countries, which is vital in all aspects of society e.g., age, race, sex, ethnicity, disability, origin, faith, and economic status. However, equality is also critical in the design industry and design thinking.

This can be achieved through inclusive design. The purpose of inclusive design is to resolve any barriers that can cause friction and separation for the creator and the client.




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For example, the replacement of steps in public places to an inclined path to aid accessible individuals. Or a desk that is height adjustable to accommodate the height of people with different needs, or in set circumstances (e.g., standing/sitting). This aims to promote personal well-being and social cohesion.




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Regarding my project, being a non-product that is not designed to be used by others, there is no need to input inclusive design principles. However, I am now more aware about the importance of reducing inequalities in other sectors that could potentially impact myself and others in the future. This knowledge will be a key reference in my future design projects.





DIGITAL PROTOTYPING –

Mini CAD Model Testing

The outcome of the physical prototypes identified the individual structure, colour palette, and artist methodology of the three paintings. This, along with additional sketches, helped me choose the post-impressionist piece by Georges Seurat. This had a simple three-layer structure but was complex enough to fulfil a long-term project. It also would be the easiest to adapt if project time were running out, i.e., via the use of additional planes and solid objects to fill any gaps.




prototype



For the second phase of prototyping, I took this painting into Fusion360 as a mini digital experiment. This was to test how well I could recreate Seurat’s work through my own skills. The addition of a sea buoy in the middle layer was added to further the illusion of depth in the model.




prototype



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I also carried out a brief ‘brush stroke’ test, this helped gauge whether circles or ellipses appeared more like Seurat’s pointillist markings. The ellipses clearly replicated the more organic shape of brush strokes.




prototype



prototype



I now understand how to better use Fusion360 to create organic and free-flowing forms. This prototype stage also revealed the difficulties of sketching onto a curved surface, which can be countered by offsetting a plane from the same axis. See below for the outcome of the digital prototype model.




prototype




FINAL MODEL & CAD PLANNING



Before the final leg of the project, I needed to visualise and plan the modelling process. This was a precautionary step that made sure I could produce the highest quality of work for the final semester. The visuals below show this planning process, split into two parts.




sketch



The final model was planned to be visualised in both 2D & 3D. Technical drawing sheets would show the model specifications, along with additional renders of the scene. A further idea could be the creation of an exhibition to immerse the viewer in my painting. This could be made in an architectural visualisation software, with a frame, plinth, and other assets.




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COLOUR THEORY & PAINT SWATCH TESTS


To tie together the digital and physical mediums in the project, I created a series of paint swatches to become the textures on the CAD model. These were mixed by hand, painted, and scanned into Adobe Photoshop to create the complete image decal compatible with Fusion360.




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In total, there were over 35 different paint swatches, in various colours, temperatures, and saturation. The creation of these swatches was a fun because I like any excuse to get out my paint brushes. These were used in the digital prototype model.




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PRIMARY RESEARCH
TRIP TO 'VAN GOGH IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCE'



The opportunity to visit the Van Gogh Immersive Experience in London, around the time of carrying out this project, was too good to miss. The trip provided extra inspiration, as well as personal enjoyment, for the thought processes behind how I planned to create my CAD painting. I also discovered deeper insight into the influence of Japanese art on Van Gogh’s painting style and colour preferences.




trip



One exhibit illustrated this via an impressive sculpture that was made up of various layers. From the side these appeared separated and elongated, but from the front, all of the parts came together as one composition: his painting ‘The Courtesan, Japanese Geisha Poster’. This sculpture reinforced and represented the exact modelling method I aimed to achieve, various layers that come together and generate the illusion of a 3D structure.




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CAD MODELLING PROCESS



The modelling process was split into three main design stages, plus a fourth stage for post-production and visualisation. The sketch below illustrates a simplified version of this process.




process



The visual below shows how each layer will increase in width as it progresses to the front of the model. This was also helpful in calculating the appropriate distance of each extruded part, which was important in creating depth in the composition.




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STAGE ONE -

Model Layers


The three main parts of the model followed the composition of a painting - foreground, middle-ground, and background (plus one for the frame). These were composed with three rectangles, positioned to appear solid from the front and exploded from the side. This mimics the structure of an impressionist painting. The dimensions of these layers were 1220mm x 900mm because I wanted to follow the typical canvas size of traditional landscape paintings.




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STAGE TWO -

Model Outline


During the second stage, I used the line tool to draw out the various shapes on each layer. These were highlighted in the prototyping stage, where each light and dark area of Seurat’s original painting was separated. I subtracted the negative space on the layers to complete their basic design, along with extruding each face exponentially (starting from 30mm) to increase surface area and depth of field.




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I also enhanced the design of the middle and foreground pieces by adding additional features, including a sea buoy in the middle-ground and over-extruded a select number of faces on the foreground.




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STAGE THREE -

Model ‘Painting’


This stage of the modelling process proved to be a considerable challenge. The amount of time required to complete the model was an estimated 36 hours, a majority of which occurred during this stage. The sketching of individual shapes to represent brush strokes was unsurprisingly time consuming and fiddly.

However, it was still enjoyable because I learnt how to use Fusion360 in a more efficient way. I also experienced several issues that revealed the importance of the correct computer visual graphics settings, in terms of the health of a computer and its capacity to best run CAD software.




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These visuals show the creation of the digital brush strokes. I first tested to see what sizing would be the most suitable. The random composition of larger ellipses, compared to smaller ones, looked the most organic and were still visible when the model was viewed from a distance. The 2D ellipses ranged from 60 - 100mm in diameter to keep them unique and prevent them appearing too uniform.




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Once completed, I added a texture decal to the base of each layer. The manipulation capabilities of the decal tool on Fusion360 helped to deliver the chaos and painterly feel of an impressionist style painting.




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The next and most time-consuming task was to extrude the face of each ellipse. Similarly, to the outline layers, these shapes were pushed out a set distance depending on whether the area was shaded. This was key to achieving shadows in the digital model and avoid it from appearing flat.




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Adding further paint texture decals onto each brush stroke shape was rather repetitive, but also rewarding. I was very impressed how the paint looked so realistic and detailed. It was interesting how the concept of colour theory could be translated into a digital environment - cooler colours in the background to give the illusion of distance and warmer colours in the foreground to bring parts forward.




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Once completed, the CAD painting looked highly effective and truly represented the idea I set out to create. The videos below capture the sheer number of components in this model and the entire build process.




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Go full screen for the best view!







THE FINAL OUTCOME



The first presentation method was through a series of technical drawings. These presented the specifications of the model and broke down each layer so the viewer can get an idea of its scale. It also demonstrated basic CAD practice, even though it wasn’t an anatomically correct model.




TECHNICAL DRAWINGS



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The first drawing gives a visual overview of the entire model. The choice of a monochrome line type makes each dimension easier to read, with all three layers present.



To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.









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The second drawing depicts the specifications of the foreground component.



To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.









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The third sheet shows the middle-ground model layer.



To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.









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The final sheet shows the background layer of the CAD painting.



To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.









RENDERS



At this stage, I aimed to produce a series of high-quality renders of the model at various angles. However, my Fusion360 software was considerably underperforming. To the extent that my computer would not allow anything to be exported from the cloud and onto my local drive. Worse still, any attempt to move to the render environment or rotate the view cube would result in the software crashing.




modelling isssue



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Therefore, whilst troubleshooting these issues for a solution, I created a concept exhibition space and gallery building. This environment was perfect to present the model as a 2D framed painting (using image above) and a mini 3D sculpture. If my attempts to render the 2D painting and 3D sculpture are successful, these images will be presented alongside the final exhibition visualisation images at the end of this project.





EXHIBITION GALLERY DESIGN



The inspiration behind the layout of this concept exhibition space was from my trips to Tate St. Ives in Cornwall. I loved how the brutalist theme of the building contrasted with the delicate nature of the artworks inside. The window style and placement of light sources was also interesting, with old-fashioned grid windows (pictured below).




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The sketch below shows the floor plan design for this exhibition space. The main features in the floor plan include a double ended corridor. This forces viewers entering the exhibition to view both exhibits from a distance, and therefore appreciate the full perspective of each piece. The dimensions of the two exhibit rooms were based on the average UK master bedroom floor plan. I thought this would provide adequate room for individuals to stand and inspect the subjects up close, plus room for additional furniture.




sketch



The exhibition space was designed in ARCHICAD. My previous positive experience with the software made it the best choice. The wall, door, and window tools increased the efficiency of the design process.




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The minor challenge was correctly composing a roof. This tool had several steps that dictate the slope and length of the roof top, and I initially struggled to produce a viable shape. The mirror tool helped to overcome this and bring the roof together on both sides of the building to prevent gapping.




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For the interior and exterior design, I incorporated features like square grid windows, a ramp for accessibility, and high ceilings. This made the space flow, and after the addition furniture assets, made the environment feel like a gallery. The images below depict a few test renders, captured in ARCHICAD. Even at this stage, I was pleased with how the exhibition environment represented my original floor plan idea.




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Despite the creation of a conceptual architectural space, I still wanted to produce a technical drawing sheet to give an overview of the plans main dimensions.




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To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.










EXHIBITION GALLERY VISUALISATION



The completed gallery and painting objects were imported into Twinmotion to bring the final stage together. Twinmotion is a reliable software for high quality rendering and 3D object presentation, which made it perfect for bringing my exhibition to life.




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The next series of images depict the process of inputting and finalising all of the assets. The main challenge was texturing the CAD sculpture model. This was the only element that had to be altered against the original model in Fusion360. Only one texture could be applied to each object, not per layer. Therefore, the sculpture couldn't be textured individually, and as a compromise, an image of the painting was used instead.




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However, I had more success with the decal tool, with settings that allow you to change the image of any pre-existing decal. This discovery was brilliant and meant the rest of the details feel into place, including a fun addition of myself as an observer (bottom image).




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THE CAD PAINTING EXHIBITION:
A Digital Perspective of Post-Impressionism




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Below is the completed CAD painting model and accompanying sculpture. The original 3D model of the seascape, inspired by Georges Seurat, was saved as a JPG image just before it was corrupted due to software performance issues. This is seen in the frame below to bring the concept of a digital painting into reality. The addition of my logo on the frame, with a gold plaque and realistic wood texture, is cohesive with the traditional theme of the piece.

The sculpture is a stripped back version of the initial 3D model. The purpose of this piece is to digitally showcase the various layers within a physical painting. It is technically challenging to achieve the illusion of depth on a 2D plane. However, in this CAD model, this is more than an illusion, and these layers can be viewed from various perspectives.




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To see the models above in their full glory, click on the button below.








This video shows the painting from different angles.




Go full screen for the best view!




The technical illustration was a further addition to the outcomes of this project. It was a more fun and creative way of formally presenting the final version of the CAD painting, with some reference to important dimensions and model features.




drawing



To see the drawing above in greater detail, click on the button below.








Now, for the long awaited renders and walk-through animation (see video) of the completed exhibition space. This multi-media outcome was the perfect end to the project, being more experimental than my previous ventures in CAD modelling.












Go full screen for the best view!






CONCLUSION & REFLECTION



In conclusion, I am very pleased and proud of what I achieved in this personal project. Not only did I infuse personal interests and shape the research process, I also reflected on my skills as a CAD student and tested how far I have progressed since starting the course.

Overall, this experiment has revealed that digital art, an increasingly popular genre, can also be achieved using CAD software. Despite, technical issues and drawbacks, the final outcome was still a success and represents my creative and digital capabilities.

To improve this project, it would have been wise to utilise a more suitable software, considering the extent of the model I originally aimed to achieve. Perhaps 3D software, such as Blender or Autodesk Maya would have been a better choice, with more technical and organic design capabilities compared to Fusion360.







Next time, with the correct software, I would have created an animated walkthrough experience of the CAD painting model. This would better convey the illusion of distance and varied composition to the viewer. The video above illustrates this concept. From this, I could have expanded beyond the mediums of the computer to virtual or augmented reality, to increase the immersivity of the entire CAD painting experience.

Furthermore, there is adequate potential for this project to be built on in the future. This includes the development of wall typography, posters and description graphics to give the exhibits descriptions, to simply adding a wall mural of Seurat's painting on the entrance wall of the exhibition.


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The visual above shows the Gantt chart used to document all the tasks, milestones, and challenges carried out in this personal project. The most challenging stage was undoubtedly experiencing software crashes and other issues with Fusion360. This directly hampered my progress.

However, a key milestone that solved this issue was the extensive planning prior to this stage. This included a contingency plan that involved capturing high-quality images of the model as part of the build process. This effort saved the project, as one of these images was used as the JPG in the final frame model.






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PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO PROJECT



PROJECT OVERVIEW


The Professional Portfolio project entailed the creation of a fully professional digital and printed booklet, designed to showcase the best projects throughout my three years at university. The creative freedom in this project, where I could incorporate my artistic flair, was very enjoyable. My previous experience with Adobe InDesign was also of great benefit to the design process.

All references for this project can also be viewed at the top of the page. For the content used in the final version of my portfolio booklet that is not of my own design, these references can be viewed below.








PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT & DESIGN PROCESS



The level and quality of work expected in this project, alongside other projects in semester two, meant that time management was key. By planning the design process in stages, I was able to stay on track for the deadline. Below is the project design process and time management calendar.




STAGE ONE - Initial Ideas, Inspiration & Research


• Project design process & time management.

• Initial mind map & sketches.

• Initial ideas & inspiration research.

• Initial research verdict.




STAGE TWO - Ideation & Development


• Developed idea (Sketches & initial wireframes).

• Visual content - Layout/composition design, colour scheme, images (Quality, Number) etc.

• Verbal content - Chosen projects, contents/welcome/about me/thank you pages etc.




STAGE THREE - Finalised Design, Content & Creation in Adobe InDesign


• Final sketched wireframes.

• Finalised content lists (visual & verbal).

• Receive peer feedback.

• Create Layout (Add visual content, add verbal content).




STAGE FOUR - Complete Booklet, Print & Digital Publishing


• Finalise booklet (Get final peer feedback/spelling/grammar).

• Test print.

• Prep and send off to print.

• Create PDF for website.

• SUBMIT BOOKLET & WEBSITE (9th May)




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To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








INITIAL IDEAS & SKETCHES



The visuals below show the initial project ideas and thought processes. At first, the task seemed rather daunting, considering the other projects I was also doing at the time. However, identifying key considerations helped to simplify the necessary goals of the assignment.




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The sketch below shows these considerations in more detail.




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INITIAL RESEARCH & INSPIRATION



To kick off the generation of ideas, I carried out initial research into the world of portfolio design. This revealed the basic principles of portfolio design and the successful design features in existing booklets/websites.




PORTFOLIO DESIGN PRINCIPLES


To establish the correct methods to design and format a digital and physical portfolio booklet, I explored the world of commercially printed booklets and brochures. These forms of media follow a similar appearance to the clean and professional layout expected in my own booklet.

They are powerful visual tools for attracting all audiences, especially employers and customers. In the graphic design industry, there are several well-known rules that guarantee an eye-catching design:



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Branding Style


The branding, colour scheme, and type choice must be consistent. For example, if a set theme and colour palette has already been applied in other design elements of a business (e.g., a website), this must be carried over to other media. This is so existing or new customers can easily identify a business’s ‘brand’. Regarding this project, I aimed to develop brand guidelines using my existing portfolio website as a guide.




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Layout Formatting


The use of a grid layout and design hierarchy is key in presenting a consistent page that allows the reader's eye to flow across information with ease. Typically, ‘dummy text’ (Lorem Ipsum) and image blocks are great time saving methods in quickly establishing a basic layout design. I had planned to use composite grids. This modern twist to a traditional grid format is more appealing and creative, with white space that is maintained across each page.



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Booklet Size


The size of a booklet or brochure is specific to its intended purpose, such as a four-page A5 leaflet for a museum exhibition, or a twenty-page square booklet for a promotional portfolio. It is also important to keep images at a set size and resolution to maintain optimum quality. This is typically 300dpi.

The typical sizes for printed booklets are - A4 (210mm x 297mm), A5 (148mm x 210mm), and Large Square (210mm x 210mm).




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Paper Type, Weight, & Finish


The quality of paper and printing finish are the final touches that can enhance the appearance of printed content. The thickness/weight of paper is universally measured in GSM, which on average is between 170 and 300 GSM. There are many types of paper finishes, including matte, semi-gloss, and glossy. I think semi-gloss is the best finish because this allows for a sheen that doesn’t result in fingerprints and marks on the pages.




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In line with this project's sustainability goal - ‘Climate Action’ (13), I aimed to select a print company that uses recycled paper. This will minimise the impact my booklet has on the environment and natural resources.




research




PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO EXAMPLES



After researching the successful design features of a portfolio booklet, I also explored commercial examples. Below is a selection of my favourite designs that encompass these features.




Sirisak Odrob

(Behance)

The two portfolio templates (below) designed by Sirisak Odrob on Behance, are fine examples of graphic design. The design in the top left is very minimal and makes proficient use of white space. I liked how each component is balanced, and the limited palette lets the visual content speak for itself. I would not choose such a palette, and yet this example has inspired me to consider this minimalistic aesthetic in the future.




research



On the opposite end of the spectrum, Odrob also designed another template (top right, above) that has heavy imagery and colour. The sans serif and serif typefaces contrast well together and ties in with the mixed-media feel of the theme. Despite the bold composition, the design still feels professional and clean.





INITIAL RESEARCH VERDICT



Overall, this research helped me recap on my previous knowledge of graphic design. I now have a more in depth understanding of how basic design principles can be used to great effect.




IDEATION & DEVELOPMENT



For the next stage, I developed the two main areas within any portfolio booklet, the verbal and visual content. These cover the components that are required to produce a successful and concise outcome, including font choice. Below is a complete list of this content.




CONTENT CHECKLIST - Verbal


• Word count.

• Headings.

• Body text.

• Chosen projects.

• Personal projects.

• Key pages - contents/welcome/contacts/about me/references.




research



CONTENT CHECKLIST - Visual


• Brand guidelines.

• Grid layouts.

• Typeface.

• Colour palette.

• Images.

• Logo/branding.




PAGE FLAT LAY & WIREFRAME DEVELOPMENT



After laying out this content guide and ideation sketch, I progressed onto a series of page flat lay and initial wireframe ideas to establish the basic chapter pattern for the booklet. The sketch below shows a complete page flat lay of my portfolio. This identifies the main chapters and how they will be spaced within the set page limit, between 24 - 30 is recommended for a consistent read.




wireframe



The next step was establishing a layout for the pages within these chapters. The wireframe visual below depicts examples for the 'Cover' and 'Greetings' pages. For the cover page, the second wireframe design was the best because of the central position of the content. The first design for the greetings page also followed this theme, and therefore was the chosen layout.




wireframe



The other chapters to refine were the 'About Me' and 'Projects' pages. The first design for the about me chapter had an interesting image boarder feature, but would not be practical for text overlay. Whilst the other design (2) with only one image boarder at the top of the page was more appropriate. The projects page needed to include a cover page to set the scene of each assignment, and so design 1 was chosen for this chapter.




wireframe




MINI-PRIMARY RESEARCH



PAST STUDENT PORTFOLIO BOOKLETS


As a form of further research, I analysed the portfolio booklets made by previous digital media students. A few stood out as the most professional and well-rounded in terms of design. This included the use of white space to separate elements and high-quality images.


example


Overall, this extra effort was an excellent source of inspiration, combined with my wireframe sketches, that helped develop the final series of wireframes in a digital format.




example




FINALISED BRANDING & WIREFRAMES



The next stage entailed the creation of the finalised branding and wireframe designs. I experimented to see how each of the main chapters could flow. These visuals were also handy to present and gain feedback from my fellow peers.

This was invaluable at this stage because any issues or potential refinements could be brought up before progressing into Adobe InDesign. The wireframes below were made in Adobe Illustrator, my previous skills in this software made this process easy and enjoyable.




VISUAL CONTENT


The image below illustrates the finalised components of the visual content and branding for my portfolio booklet. This will be a visual aid in the digital design process. A variation in typeface choice was for the purpose of selecting two that best fit the theme of the imagery and aesthetic of the overall design. The branding was taken directly taken from my website to keep my creative identity consistent. Another helpful consideration was setting a limit on the number of images per project, this prevented the pages from being cluttered.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








VERBAL CONTENT


The finalised verbal content is presented below. This sets out the exact parameters to follow, such as a limited word count to avoid overcrowding and confusing the viewer.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








COVER PAGE


The visual below shows a finalised design for the booklet cover page. This represents the creative and digital aspects of my design skills. The sizing of the central image may change, as this design lacks white space and decreases the importance of the logo in the hierarchy.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








GREETINGS PAGE


The design for the greetings page had a pleasant background that tied into my love of sketching and art, along with the central paint texture. However, the amount of text on this page was questionable, and needed to be either edited or completely removed.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








CONTACT & SKILLS PAGE


The visual below shows the finalised layouts for the contact and skills chapter. White space is used successfully to separate out each component, however, the number of images and text size could be decreased to balance the overall composition of the page.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








PROJECTS PAGE


The final wireframe design depicts the layout for the projects page. Similar to the previous wireframe design, components such as the use of images and transparency effects, are good features to take into InDesign. However, the sizing of the text and text boxes need to be altered to provide enough room for any CAD renders to be the focal point of the page.




visual



To see the visual above in greater detail, click on the button below.








Regarding peer feedback, the main comments mentioned my lack of contents page. This will be critical navigation for users reading the final product, and so made sure to incorporate this into the final design.




THE DESIGN PROCESS



The following images show a visual timeline of the portfolio booklet design process. This includes the stages that involved the greatest changes and challenges. The final submission booklet will be presented on this website section and accessible on the ‘University Documents’ page on this website.




DOODLES & VISUAL ASSETS


Almost all of the illustrations, paint textures and paper backgrounds, were of my own design. These features perfectly matched the turquoise, white and grey colour scheme of my branding. This elevated the entire layout of the booklet, making it feel more organic, but still balanced to remain professional.




visual assets



visual assets




COVER TO COVER LAYOUT


The consistent design features throughout were monochrome drawings, lined paper banners, and paint swatches that corresponded to the page colour scheme. The entire process took around two weeks, with the help of Adobe InDesign’s style sheets and parent pages, still with time to proofread and check the booklet for spelling and grammar issues.




process



process



process



The main challenge was maintaining the 300dpi image resolution rule. Unfortunately, many of my sketches had been edited smaller to make them suitable for web. Therefore, I spent considerable time rescanning and editing these images. However, this immediately improved their appearance to match the quality of the rest of the book.




process



process



process



Halfway through the process, I received further peer feedback on my progress. At this point, I also neglected to stretch background images to the bleed line. Thanks to this reminder, I avoided any issues in the future when it came to print, because uneven page boarders can downgrade the professionalism of print work.




process



process




TESTING & PRINT



A test print via a digital PDF revealed the need for further changes regarding the type size. 14pt for the main body appeared to be slightly too big and out of proportion with the rest of the content. A change down to 12pt, made a positive difference and marked the end of the design process. Once the final booklet was thoroughly scrutinized for grammar and spelling errors, it was ready for print.

My company of choice was ‘Print Work’, a UK business who only uses 100% recycled and FSC certified paper. This perfectly fulfilled the criteria of the Sustainability Goal 13 (Climate Action). Recycled paper saves valuable resources and protects our climate.


visual



The printed version of my booklet exceeded all expectations (see below), from the quality of print, to the feel of the paper. It meet my exact requirements, ready as part of the digital submission around the time of this years Transmedia End of Year Show.




printed book



printed book



printed book




LUCINDA’S CREATIVE DESIGN BOOKLET



The final outcome and submission for this professional portfolio project can be viewed by clicking on the buttons below. This is also accessible on the 'University Documents' page on my website. There are both regular PDF and EPUB interactive versions. This gave me the opportunity to include additional video and GIF content for the reader.











CONCLUSION & REFLECTION



In conclusion, this project was an insightful and practical opportunity to professionally ‘show-off’ my favourite work from university. I thoroughly enjoyed the creation of a visual asset that will be of great benefit in future job interviews, and generally as a way of offering a quick overview of my skills to potential employers.

Despite already having established skills in InDesign, this project allowed me to work on these further with interactive publications and adjust how I would approach the software in the future.

Next time, I would have allocated more time to the digital design process, as I feel this could have further improved the layout of my booklet. For example, several pages with large images could have benefited with the addition of more white space to make the content easier to digest. Or simply widening the distance between the three-column grid system, to avoid text appearing too close together.


visual



The visual below shows the Gantt chart for this portfolio project, this was used to track and record all of the completed work. The only real challenge of the project was the creation and proofing of the verbal descriptions for each page. I often write a considerable amount about my projects because I enjoy the design process.

However, for this semester, I made extra effort to refine my explanations for each chapter, and as a result, could discuss points that were the most important in a project experience. These efforts can also be seen on this website page.



chart





dissertation

MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECT: DISSERTATION



PROJECT OVERVIEW


The writing of my dissertation was one of the most important projects throughout my university experience. This section will briefly and reflectively discuss, continued from semester one, the process of the remaining chapters; from the primary research to the presentation of results, critical discussion, and summary to bring the thesis to a close.








PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT



The images below show the time management calendar and Gantt chart I used to successfully complete this project. The calendar helped in the organisation and achievement of the methodology goals. These were allocated to set weeks within the project time frame to stay on track.

Therefore, more time could be given to the more substantial chapters, such as the results and analysis. The visual below was also critical for tracking all manner of tasks, presented as the milestones and challenges (indicated by the colour code) of each week.




calendar



The primary data collection and discussion chapters posed the greatest challenge. A lack of questionnaire responses was disheartening after the success of the other methods. Also, the amount of secondary and primary data made refinement for the discussion rather intimidating. The solution was contacting companies on Instagram to solve the lack of response issue, and the discussion issue was solved by structuring key themes as pointers to inspire ideas and keep the section concise.



chart




PRIMARY RESEARCH PLANNING



Prior to semester two, I carried out various tasks to be ready for the primary research chapter. Summarising the key findings in my secondary research revealed interesting theories and ultimatums, along with unanswered questions. From this, I structured the appropriate questions for my primary methods and the potential audiences to contact.




mood board




RESPONDENT GROUPS



The relevance of the target groups was important for the clarity of my dissertation. Therefore, public opinion and industry experts, were perfect to offer both professional and generalised insights on the prominence of sustainability and packaging in society. The industry groups included packaging producers, consumers, supermarkets, and CAD experts etc. See the mood board above for examples of the stakeholder companies researched.





ETHICS CONSIDERATION



Before any methods were published, I also needed to follow the University research ethics protocols. This involved the completion of various ethics forms. Once cleared with my lecturers, I could design and proof my methods ready to send out. Below is a visual overview of my primary methods and their accompanying methodology.





METHODS & METHODOLOGY



My choice of methods and methodologies were based on previous experience with primary research during my year two RSA Case Study project. This enabled the selection of the most effective tools (e.g., Google Forms) to keep the process efficient and professional, especially important in communication with respected industry figures.




primary research




SURVEY



primary research




QUESTIONNAIRE



primary research




INTERVIEW



primary research




DATA ORGANISATION & PRESENTATION



The organisation and summary of both quantitative and qualitative methods proved to be rather long winded. However, during this process, I could see clear correlations to my secondary findings, and generally enjoyed the process of learning more about the packaging industry first hand.



primary research




DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS



This chapter, despite the challenge, was satisfying because all of the data I worked hard to source and collate was finally coming together. There was evidence that equally proved and disproved my thesis question, and also revealed new perspectives.



primary research





CONCLUSION & REFLECTION



In conclusion, the major research project and dissertation assignment has enabled me to have a more comprehensive perspective of the packaging industry. This new knowledge will not only inform future career decisions but has also increased my awareness on the benefits of gaining context on a subject to inform discussion. In fact, this makes you a more rounded individual in your respected field.

Next time, I would have liked to have focused more on food packaging, rather than just the general industry. Despite finding good evidence, this did limit the extent and strength that my research and conclusions linked to sustainability in this niche sector. Therefore, refining the thesis question could have also better shaped the outcome of my dissertation.

Below are the time management tools used to document all projects this semester. Here you can see the extent of my planning methods and how this suits my learning style. I plan to utilise these tools and auditing skills in my prospective career, as the success and benefits of this method has only improved since my first semester.




calendar



calendar



chart



Click on the buttons below to view the calendar and Gantt chart above in greater detail.

















networking

NETWORKING EVENTS



Over the second and final semester of university, I attended another series of networking events. The presence of more ‘arty’ activities made the overall experience rather enjoyable. Furthermore, these events have also inspired me to seek out networking opportunities after I leave university, as the social and potential employment benefits are great for standing out in the fast-paced nature of the digital design industry.




04/02/2022


My first networking event of semester two consisted of a fabulous presentation by Adam McIntosh, who has worked in the games industry for over fifteen years. He not only offered a small overview of his experiences throughout his career, but also shared very helpful and interesting tips on employability.

These included everything from how many questions to ask at the end of an interview, to the best way to lay out your CV. I enjoyed learning about the games industry in greater depth and now understand the importance of simple planning and teamwork in a studio scenario.



networking




11/02/2022


The second event was one of the most creative and art led workshops so far. This made it very enjoyable for me, as I always prefer to use physical tools rather than digital. The event was held by Georgia De Buriatte who provided us with fun group activities on book binding in her ‘Creative Freedom’ session.

We learnt numerous techniques, from traditional folding to the use of thread to create a saddle bound booklet. Now I can potentially make a unique mini-booklet for myself or for someone else as a gift.



networking




29/03/2022


The Digital Media trip to the Design Museum in London was an educational and fun day out. It provided the opportunity to not only explore the works on display, including an amazing exhibition that honoured the legacy of Amy Winehouse, but also enabled us to network with the second-year students. I also enjoyed the interesting architectural features that the museum building had, as well as the display of technology through time.



networking








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